The only specialised marine publication in Oceania that focuses on the maritime industry, from super yachts to small craft to large commercial ships, including coastal shipping, tugs, tow boats, barges, ferries, tourist, sport-fishing craft
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BOTTOM LINES QUESTION THE LAND AND Water Forum has called for national bottom lines to be set for the state of New Zealand's rivers, lakes, streams, wetlands and aquifers. The LWF represents Iwi and key freshwater stakeholders, and says that Iwi and urban and rural communities should collaborate to develop specific water quality objectives for each catchment and identify local solutions to achieve them. The Forum provides a national framework for Regional Councils to work with communities and iwi to set freshwater objectives and develop limits for its use. The LWF will work on a third report to Government due later this year dealing with ways of managing within limits including allocation. The LWF is an independent body which the Government asked to provide a consensus view on how we can improve the management of New Zealand's freshwater resources. Its report can be found at: www.landandwater. org.nz/report HISTORICAL BACKGROUND THE FALKLAND ISLANDS are two moderately-sized islands and over 700 small islands and rocks in the South Atlantic Ocean approximately 290 miles east of the Strait of Magellan. The islands and its 3,000 permanent residents are a self-governing British Overseas Territory. The islands were first discovered by the Dutch explorer Sebald de Weert in 1600, who named them the Sebald Islands in honor of himself. In 1690, Captain John Strong on the British ship Welfare was blown off course and arrived at the islands. He named the passage between the two principal islands "Falkland Channel" in honor of the man who had financed the voyage and the archipelago is now known by this name. The first attempt to establish a permanent settlement was in 1764 when the French explorer Louis de Bougainville founded a Port Louis on East Falkland and claimed the islands for France. In 1766, the British navigator John Byron established a British settlement at Port Egmont on West Falkland and claimed the islands for Britain. Spain acquired the French settlement in 1767 and, in 1770, attacked Port Egmont and expelled the British. A peace treaty allowed the British to return, but they left again in 1774. In 1820, a privateer claimed the islands for the United Provinces of the River Plata and a settlement was established in 1828. In 1831 the commanding officer of the USS Lexington, claimed the islands for the US but this claim was later rejected by the US government. In 1832, Argentina established a penal colony on the islands. The next year, British forces directed the departure of Argentine government representatives and governed the settlement as a naval station. In 1840, this was converted to a permanent British colony and has largely remained so. On April 2, 1982, Argentine forces invaded the Falkland Islands and other British territories in the South Atlantic. The British sent an expeditionary force to counter the Argentine move and the Argentine forces surrendered on June 14, 1982. Argentina refers to the islands as Las Malvinas, and has not abandoned its claim. There are rich fishing grounds around the islands, and potential oil and gas. Falklands residents are mostly of British descent and wish to remain British citizens. The British government affirms that it will support their right of self-determination. Argentina imposes economic pressure by limiting access to its ports by ships calling at the islands or engaging in oil and gas exploration offshore. The impasse continues. FALKLAND ISLANDS – A WORK WANTED • ILM Certifi ed Skipper • On call support for absentee boat owner • Bar managers certifi cate • Flexible rates • Honest and reliable – references available Ph: 021 658 308 MARLBOROUGH SOUNDS Pat Copp, ILM HAVELOCK A range of air horns, designed specifically for use in the harsh marine environment. The complete range meets all local and international survey requirements. Complete compressor and switching kits, and automated manoeuvring controllers available. Suitable for all sized vessels. Contact us for an obligation-free quote or advice for supply and installation. GENERAL MARINE SERVICES LIMITED Stockists of the entire range of Kahlenberg horns and accessories. 196 Pakenham Street West Westhaven Auckland New Zealand Phone: + 64 9 309 6317 Facsimile: + 64 9 309 6897 Email: sales@generalmarine.co.nz www.generalmarine.co.nz July/August 2012 Professional Skipper 47 GMS_NZPS_QPV_horns.indd 1 21/09/2009 7:29:14 p.m. V PS7VIP.P.S72 VIP.S69 VIP.S88